Homework: add more to your website!
Our blog has come a long way but there's still room for improvement. Next, we will add features for post drafts and their publication. We will also add deletion of posts that we no longer want. Neat!
Currently when we're creating new posts using our New post form the post is published directly. To instead save the post as a draft, remove this line in
blog/views.py in the post_new and post_edit methods:post.published_date = timezone.now()
This way, new posts will be saved as drafts that we can review later on rather than being instantly published. All we need now is a way to list and publish drafts, let's get to it!
Remember the chapter about querysets? We created a view
post_list that displays only published blog posts (those with non-empty published_date).Time to do something similar, but for draft posts.
Let's add a link in
blog/templates/blog/base.html in the header. We don't want to show our list of drafts to everybody, so we'll put it inside the {% if user.is_authenticated %} check, right after the button for adding new posts.<a href="<div data-gb-custom-block data-tag="url" data-0='post_draft_list'></div>
" class="top-menu"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-edit"></span></a>
Next: urls! In
blog/urls.py we add:path('drafts/', views.post_draft_list, name='post_draft_list'),
Time to create a view in
blog/views.py:def post_draft_list(request):
posts = Post.objects.filter(published_date__isnull=True).order_by('created_date')
return render(request, 'blog/post_draft_list.html', {'posts': posts})
The line
posts = Post.objects.filter(published_date__isnull=True).order_by('created_date') makes sure that we take only unpublished posts (published_date__isnull=True) and order them by created_date (order_by('created_date')).Ok, the last bit is of course a template! Create a file
blog/templates/blog/post_draft_list.html and add the following:<div data-gb-custom-block data-tag="extends" data-0='blog/base.html'></div>
<div data-gb-custom-block data-tag="block"></div>
<div data-gb-custom-block data-tag="for">
<div class="post">
<p class="date">created: {{ post.created_date|date:'d-m-Y' }}</p>
<h1><a href="
<div data-gb-custom-block data-tag="url" data-0='post_detail'>">{{ post.title }}</a></h1>
<p>{{ post.text|truncatechars:200 }}</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
It looks very similar to our
post_list.html, right?Now when you go to
http://127.0.0.1:8000/drafts/ you will see the list of unpublished posts.Yay! Your first task is done!
It would be nice to have a button on the blog post detail page that will immediately publish the post, right?
Let's open
blog/templates/blog/post_detail.html and change these lines:<div data-gb-custom-block data-tag="if">
<div class="date">
{{ post.published_date }}
</div>
</div>
into these:
<div data-gb-custom-block data-tag="if"></div>
<div class="date">
{{ post.published_date }}
</div>
<div data-gb-custom-block data-tag="else"></div>
<a class="btn btn-default" href="
<div data-gb-custom-block data-tag="url" data-0='post_publish'>
">Publish</a>
</div>
As you noticed, we added
{% else %} line here. That means, that if the condition from {% if post.published_date %} is not fulfilled (so if there is no published_date), then we want to do the line <a class="btn btn-default" href="{% url 'post_publish' pk=post.pk %}">Publish</a>. Note that we are passing a pk variable in the {% url %}.Time to create a URL (in
blog/urls.py):path('post/<pk>/publish/', views.post_publish, name='post_publish'),
and finally, a view (as always, in
blog/views.py):def post_publish(request, pk):
post = get_object_or_404(Post, pk=pk)
post.publish()
return redirect('post_detail', pk=pk)
Remember, when we created a
Post model we wrote a method publish. It looked like this:def publish(self):
self.published_date = timezone.now()
self.save()
Now we can finally use this!
And once again after publishing the post we are immediately redirected to the
post_detail page!Publish button
Congratulations! You are almost there. The last step is adding a delete button!
Let's open
blog/templates/blog/post_detail.html once again and add this line:<a class="btn btn-default" href="<div data-gb-custom-block data-tag="url" data-0='post_remove'></div>"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove"></span></a>
just under a line with the edit button.
Now we need a URL (
blog/urls.py):path('post/<pk>/remove/', views.post_remove, name='post_remove'),
Now, time for a view! Open
blog/views.py and add this code:def post_remove(request, pk):
post = get_object_or_404(Post, pk=pk)
post.delete()
return redirect('post_list')
The only new thing is to actually delete a blog post. Every Django model can be deleted by
.delete(). It is as simple as that!And this time, after deleting a post we want to go to the webpage with a list of posts, so we are using
redirect.Let's test it! Go to the page with a post and try to delete it!
Delete button
Yes, this is the last thing! You completed this tutorial! You are awesome!